CONCEPT OF VALUE

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Definition of Values:-

According to R.K. Mukherjee, “Values are socially approved desires and goals that are internalized through the process of conditioning, learning or socialization and that become subjective preferences, standards, and aspirations”.

According to Zaleznik and David, “Values are the ideas in the mind of men compared to norms in that they specify how people should behave. Values also attach degrees of goodness to activities and relationships”



TYPES OF VALUES:-

1. Character Values
Character values are the universal values that you need to exist as a good human being. They are also the core characteristics that employers look for when hiring. Examples of character values include: commitment, loyalty, positive attitude, and respect.


2. Work Values
Work values are values that help you find what you want in a job and give you job satisfaction. It is especially important to understand what your work values are in order to thrive professionally. Examples of work values are: hands-on, public contact, prestige, and stability.


3. Personal Values
Personal values are values that help you define what you want out of life and will assist you in being happy and fulfilled. They are the guiding principles of your life. Examples of personal values are: family life, popularity, health, and appearance.


CHARACTERISTICS OF VALUES ARE:-

·         These are extremely practical, and valuation requires not just techniques but also an understanding of the strategic context.

·         These can provide standards of competence and morality.

·         These can go beyond specific situations or persons.

·         Personal values can be influenced by culture, tradition, and a combination of internal and external factors.

·         These are relatively permanent.

·         These are more central to the core of a person.

·         Most of our core values are learned early in life from family, friends, neighborhood school, the mass print, visual media and other sources within the society.

·         Values are loaded with effective thoughts about ideas, objects, behavior, etc.

·         They contain a judgmental element in that they carry an individual’s ideas as to what is right, good, or desirable.

·         Values can differ from culture to culture and even person to person.

·         Values play a significant role in the integration and fulfillment of man’s basic impulses and desire stably and consistently appropriate for his living.

·         They are generic experiences in social action made up of both individual and social responses and attitudes.

·         They build up societies, integrate social relations.

·         They mold the ideal dimensions of personality and depth of culture.

·         They influence people’s behavior and serve as criteria for evaluating the actions of others.

·         They have a great role to play in the conduct of social life. They help in creating norms to guide day-to-day behavior.



IMPORTANCE OF VALUES:-

1. Values are the enduring beliefs that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable.

2. These are more difficult to change or alter.

3. As ethical conduct receives more visibility in the workplace, the importance of values is increased as a topic of discussion in management.

4. Values are general principles to regulate our day-to-day behavior. They not only give direction to our behavior but are also ideals and objectives in themselves.

5. They are the expression of the ultimate ends, goals or purposes of social action.

6. Our values are the basis of our judgments about what is desirable, beautiful, proper, correct, important, worthwhile and good as well as what is undesirable, ugly, incorrect, improper and bad.


NATURE OF VALUES:-

·         Value is the foundation for understanding the level of motivation.

·         It influences our perception.

·         Value helps to understand what ought to be or what ought not to be.

·         It contains interpretations of right or wrong.

·         These influence attitudes and behavior.

·         It implies that certain behaviors on outcomes are preferred over others.

·         These allow the members of an organization to interact harmoniously. These make it easier to reach goals that would be impossible to achieve individually.

·         These are goals set for achievements, and they motivate, define and color all our activities cognitive, affective add connective.

·         They are the guideposts of our lives, and they direct us to who we want to be.

·         Values and morals can not only guide but inspire and motivate a person, give energy and a zest for living and for doing something meaningful.



SOURCES OF VALUES:-

·         Family: Family is a great source of values. A child leams his first value from his family.

·         Friends & peers: Friends and peers play a vital role in achieving values.

·         Community or society: As a part of society, a person leams values from society or different groups of society.

·         School: As a learner, school and teachers also play a very important role in introducing values.

·         Media: Media such as – Print media, Electronic media also play the role of increasing values in the mind of people.

·         Relatives: Relative also helps to create values in the minds of people.

·         Organization: Different organizations and institutions also play a vital role in creating value.

·         Religion.

·         History.

·         Books.

·         


There are some similarities and differences in values and attitudes. These are;

Similarities between Values and Attitudes:-

1.     Values and attitudes are two important variables influencing the cognitive process and behavior.

2.     They are learned and acquired essentially from the same sources.

3.     They endure and are resistant to change.

4.     They have a reciprocal influence and are used interchangeably.

 

 

 

Dissimilarities  between Values and Attitudes:-


Values

Attitudes

Values help to guide our behavior.

Attitudes are the response that is a result of our values.

Values decide what we think as for right, wrong, good, or unjust.

Attitudes are our likes and dislike of things, people, and objects.

Values are more or less permanent in nature.

Attitudes are changeable with favorable experiences.

They represent a single belief that, guides actions and judgment across objects and situations.

They represent several beliefs focused on a specific object or situation.

They derived from social and cultural mores.

These are personal experiences.

 



THANK YOU


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